King George II assumes the throne. He later declares that the most useful possession for a Greek king is a suitcase.
Trial and execution of the Six, having been accused and convicted of dragging the country into a war that cost lives and money and caused a catastrophe, at Goudi (Athens).
1923
General Strike. Greece in a state of emergency.
Armed revolts in Italy, Bulgaria, and Hamburg.
Coups d'état in Bulgaria and Spain. Failed coup d'état by Hitler.
Establishment of the Republic of Turkey. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk becomes president.
The Gregorian Calendar is adopted in Greece.
Treaty of Lausanne to end the Greco-Turkish war. Exchange of populations between Greece and Turkey.
General elections in Greece. Royalist parties abstain. Liberal Party wins elections. King George II leaves the country.
1924
SEKE faces a crisis. The “Communist Union” is formed under Avraam Benaroyia (Avraham Ben-Aruya). The “Socialist Workers' Union” is formed under Sideres. SEKE is renamed Communist Party of Greece—KKE (Greek Section of the Communist International).
General strike by tobacco workers and tobacco producers, marine workers, and railroad workers.
Lenin dies. Trotsky's positions are condemned. Stalin assumes total power.
Armed revolt in Albania.
Greece is declared a parliamentary democracy.
Failed coup by Vassileios Dertiles.
1925
Pangalos dictatorship. Strict laws of morality are imposed.
Mass movement by farmers in Thessaly and Boetia. General strike by railroad workers and civil servants.
Mass persecution of Communists by the Pangalos dictatorship.
Rizospastis (the newspaper of the KKE) founded.
1926
Pangalos is overthrown. Kondyles establishes his own dictatorship.
Dertiles and Zervas attempt a coup d'état but fail.
General elections. First Communist representatives in Parliament.
Military coups d'état in Portugal and Poland.
The United States intervenes in Nicaragua.
Agreement of neutrality and non-aggression between the USSR and Germany.
Major strike by British coal-mine workers.
Leon Trotsky, Grigory Zinoviev, and Lev Kamenev form a troika.
1927
Major strikes against the British Power Electric Company in Greece.
Strikes by tobacco workers.
The KKE expels its previous and current secretary generals (Pandelis Pouliopoulos and Pastias Giatsopoulos, respectively). The centrists of the Party resign. Communist members of Parliament are arrested and accused of treason. The Popular Party withdraws from the coalition government.
Workers' uprising in Canton. Civil war in China. Chiang Kai-shek forms a government.
Trotsky, Kamenev, and Zinoviev are expelled from the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
Anarchists Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti are executed in the United States.
1928
Fourth Congress of GSEE. Communists are expelled from the GSEE.
Centrists are expelled from the KKE.
The “Spartakos” group is formed as Left opposition to KKE.
Further strikes by tobacco workers, bakery workers, and railroad workers. Demonstrations, with many dead, in Kavala and Xanthi (in Thrace).
Venizelos returns from exile in Paris. Elections are held, with great victory for the Liberal Party. Venizelos forms a government.
Greece and Italy sign an agreement of friendship.
First five-year plan in the USSR. Development of the theory of “socialfascism.”
Purges in the Communist parties of Germany, Yugoslavia, and Romania.
1929
The Idiônymon is signed into law.